A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

A

Abandon
A conduit, duct, or pipe feature which is no longer in use in the field may be abandoned on your map. ArcFM allows you to abandon a feature and leave its symbology on the map, abandon a feature and remove its symbology from the map, or convert the abandoned feature to a conduit.

Account Representative
A role in Workflow Manager. A user with this role has the ability to create new work requests.

Active Data Frame
The data frame in a map that is currently being worked on - for example, the data frame to which layers are being added. The active data frame is shown in bold text in the ArcMap Table of Contents.

Actual Ruling Span
An equivalent span length based on the total length and average tension of the conductor in a series of spans which is being pulled up and sagged in one operation. The Actual Ruling Span cannot be determined until the line is staked

Administrator
A role in Session Manager and Workflow Manager. A user with this role has the ability to view completed work requests and verified designs, and delete sessions, work requests, and designs. An Administrator may also set up users and roles in the Process Framework Admin Tool.

Analysis
Analysis is the process of identifying a question or issue to be addressed, modeling the issue, investigating model results, interpreting the results, and possibly making a recommendation.

Angle Setter, Auto
This angle setter automatically rotates a point feature by the same angle of the linear feature to which it is snapped.

Angle Setter, Manual
This angle setter allows you to manually rotate a point feature.

Annotation
Descriptive text used to label features. It is used for display, not for analysis.

Approval Officer
A role used in Session Manager and Workflow Manager. A user with this role has the ability to approve and post sessions and designs.

Approved
State of a design that has been accepted by an Approval Officer. After a design is approved, construction may begin in the field.

ArcCatalog
An ArcInfo application for browsing, organizing, distributing, and documenting your organization's GIS data holdings.

ArcFM Display Field
The value for a feature displayed on the Attribute Editor Selection tab. Object ID is the default ArcFM Display Field. Administrators may change the default ArcFM Display Field in ArcCatalog at the Field Display tab of the ArcFM Properties Manager

ArcMap
An ArcInfo application for creating, viewing, querying, editing, composing, and publishing maps

ArcSDE
ArcSDE provides the gateway between ESRI's GIS software and the DBMS, filling three roles: 1) as an integral part of a multi-user ArcGIS system, 2) as an application server to deliver spatial data to many users and applications, and 3) as a developer tool for open access using either ArcObjects or its own Java or C application programming interface (API).

ArcToolbox
An ArcInfo user interface for conducting sophisticated geographic data processing. For ease of use, ArcToolbox supports drag and drop operations from ArcCatalog and ArcMap.

As-Built
When a design is constructed in the field, conditions may require deviation from the originally approved design. When construction is complete, a list of these changes (called As-Built) is used to update the design.

As-Built Editing
The state in which a design has been constructed in the field and is being updated with the As-Built changes.

Attribute
A piece of information describing a map feature. The attributes of a Bus Bar, for example, would include its nominal voltage and phase designation.

Attribute Table
An INFO or other tabular file containing rows and columns. In ArcInfo, attribute tables are associated with a class of geographic features, such as wells or roads. Each row represents a geographic feature. Each column represents one attribute of a feature, with the same column representing the same attribute in each row.

Autoupdater
Autoupdaters execute specific tasks when a feature or object is created, updated, or deleted.

Autoupdater, Attribute Field
Field attribute autoupdaters provide a quick way to add event-based attribute field updates to the geodatabase. Field attribute autoupdaters may be simple or combo.

Autoupdater, Combo
Combo autoupdaters initiate multiple actions per single event.

Autoupdater, Feeder Manager
These autoupdaters specifically support Feeder Manager functionality. Feeder Manager autoupdaters may be simple or combo.

Autoupdater, Object
Object autoupdaters perform automated tasks such as relating features or deleting associated tables when a feature is deleted. These autoupdaters may be simple or combo.

Autoupdater, Simple
Simple autoupdaters initiate only one action per single event.

Autoupdater, Special
Special autoupdate objects are associated with feature events. They can perform many tasks, such as update remote database updates, make e-mail notification, or define a relationship between two features.

B

Bitgate Fields
A bitgate field is a 32-bit integer field with the model name GasTraceWeight or MMElectricTraceWeight. Every feature class in an ArcFM gas or electric network must have a bitgate field (you may use any field name). Each bit has a value of 1 or 0, indicating that it is set or not. ArcFM software reads the combination of the bit settings to determine the behavior of the tracing system.

BLOB
Binary large object. The data type of a column in an RDBMS table which can store image or textual data as attributes.

Bookmark
In ArcMap, a bookmark identifies a particular geographic location that you want to save and refer to later-for example, a study area.

Buffer
A zone of a specified distance around coverage features. Both constant- and variable-width buffers can be generated for a set of coverage features based on each feature's attribute values. The resulting buffer zones form polygon-areas that are either inside or outside the specified buffer distance from each feature. Buffers are useful for proximity analysis (e.g., find all stream segments within 300 feet of a proposed logging area).

C

CAD
Computer-aided design. An automated system for the design, drafting, and display of graphically oriented information.

Cardinality
Cardinality describes how many objects of type A are associated to how many objects of type B.

Column
The vertical dimension of a table. A column has a name and data type applied to all values in the column.

Compatible Unit
A Compatible Unit (CU) is a field within a table that contains the model name of a specific device, piece of equipment or other feature in your utility network. CUs differ from features in that they are the building blocks of a design and contain WMS-specific information. Each CU consists of two levels. The primary, or parent, level contains the feature's attributes such as material and object ID. The secondary, or child, level contains WMS-specific information such as Work Function.

Complete
The state that indicates a work request has traveled through the entire work request process flow. Only users with the Administrator role may view Completed work requests.

Complex Edge
In a geodatabase, a linear network feature that corresponds to one or more network elements in the logical network.

Composite Favorite
A composite favorite allows you to store and easily recall a set of frequently-used features, such as a switchgear cabinet. A composite favorite must contain at least one point feature.

Connectivity Rules
In a geodatabase, network rules constrain the type of network features that may be connected to one another, and the number of features of any particular type that can be connected to features of another type. In most networks, not all edge types can logically connect to all junction types. Similarly, not all edge types can logically connect to all other edge types through all junction types. There are two types of connectivity rules: edge-junction and edge-edge.

Contingent Attribute Validity
A set of valid values that depend on the value of another attribute.

Coordinate
A set of numbers that designate a location in a given reference system, such as x, y in a planar coordinate system or an x, y, z in a three-dimensional coordinate system. Coordinates represent locations on the Earth's surface relative to other locations.

Coverage
1. A digital version of a map forming the basic unit of vector data storage in ArcInfo. A coverage stores geographic features as primary features (such as arcs, nodes, polygons, and label points) and secondary features (such as tics, map extent, links, and annotation). Associated feature attribute tables describe and store attributes of the geographic features. 2. A set of thematically associated data considered as a unit. A coverage usually represents a single theme such as soils, streams, roads, or land use.

CU-Defining Attributes
CU-defining attributes designate the features of that specific Compatible Unit, a pole's height and class, for example. CU-defining values are non-editable and displayed as grey on the Attribute Editor.

Current Owner
A field in Session Manager and Workflow Manager. The user listed in this field is the person currently responsible for the session, design, or work request. The value (or name) in this field may change when the session, design, or work request is transition to another state.

Custom Field Editors
Custom Field Editors allow the implementation/customization programmers to write specialized field editors that are specific to their needs. Those custom field editors extend the functionality of the ArcFM Attribute Editor by allowing developers to create custom fields such as tabs, forms, and date/time pickers. See ArcFM Application Developer's Guide.

Custom Text Elements
Custom Text Elements allow you to insert text elements such as page numbering and dates into your map set. ArcFM offers several sample text elements or you may develop your own. See ArcFM Application Developer's Guide.

D

Data Conversion
The translation of data from one format to another. ArcInfo supports data conversion from many geographic data formats such as DLG, TIGER, DXF, and DEM.

Data Frame
A frame that displays layers occupying the same geographic area or map. You may include multiple data frames on your map, depending on how you want to organize your data. For example, you may want to include one data frame with only underground conduits and another frame with the rest of your electric network.

Data Integrity
Maintenance of data values according to data model and data type. For example, to maintain integrity, numeric columns will not accept alphabetic data. See referential integrity.

Data Model
1. The result of the conceptual design process. A generalized, user-defined view of the data related to applications. 2. A formal method of describing the behavior of real-world entities. A fully developed data model specifies entity classes, relationships between entities, integrity rules, and operations on the entities. 3. ArcInfo coverages and grids use a georelational data model, which is a hybrid data model that combines spatial data (in coverages or grids) and attribute data (in tables). Other data models used in ArcInfo include TINs, images, and GRIDs.

Data Type
The characteristic of columns and variables that defines what types of data values they can store. Examples include character, floating point, and integer.

Data View
This is the view in ArcMap in which you will create, edit, or update your data, create or update symbology, set suppression scales, control layer visibility, etc.

Database
A logical collection of interrelated information managed and stored as a unit, usually on some form of mass-storage system such as magnetic tape or disk. A GIS database includes data about the spatial location and shape of geographic features recorded as points, lines, areas, pixels, grid cells, or tins, as well as their attributes.

Database Design
The formal process of analyzing facts about the real world into a structured database model. Database design is characterized by the following phases: requirement analysis, logical design, and physical design.

Database Management System (DBMS)
A set of computer programs for organizing the information in a database. A DBMS supports the structuring of the database in a standard format and provides tools for data input, verification, storage, retrieval, query, and manipulation.

Dataset
A named collection of logically related data items arranged in a prescribed manner.

Design
The collection and configuration of CUs in ArcMap that represents proposed facilities to be constructed in the field.

Design Ruling Span
Because the Actual Ruling Span cannot be determined until the line is staked, the Design Ruling span is assumed, based on experience, and used for field design

Designer
A role in Workflow Manager. A user with this role has the ability to create, edit, and submit designs.

Domain Values
The set of values that is valid for an attribute.

Domains (model name and field model name)
A named constraint in the database. A domain is used to constrain the values allowed in any particular attribute for a table, feature class, or subtype. A domain can be shared across feature classes and tables in a geodatabase. In ArcMap, ArcFM domains are divided in the Model Name Domains and Field Model Name Domains

Downstream
In tracing, downstream is the direction along the arcs that is the same as the direction of flow. Direction of flow is determined by a user-defined convention.

E

Edge
A line that connects two junctions.

Edit
To modify or correct errors within a computer file, a geographic data set, or a tabular file containing attribute data.

Edit Tasks
Edit tasks execute when placing a feature in ArcMap. Use an edit task any time you want the user to interact with the map while adding a feature. An example is manually setting the rotation of a point feature's symbology. A list of Edit Tasks can be found in Appendix B of Configuring ArcFM with ArcCatalog.

Editor
A role in Session Manager. A user with this role has the ability to create, edit, and submit sessions.

Enabled Field

The Enabled field is an Esri network analysis concept. You can prevent features from participating in trace results by changing the value of the Enabled field to False. This field is automatically created when the geometric network is created.

While ArcFM electric, gas, and water traces have been developed to respect the Enabled field, Schneider Electric strongly recommends that you use the FDRMANAGERNONTRACEABLE class and field model names instead.

For more information about FDRMGRNONTRACEABLE, view these help topics:

Appendix > Bitgate Fields > Electric Tracing - Edges.

Appendix > Bitgate Fields > Electric Tracing - Junctions.

End
A vertex at the completion of a linear feature.

F

Favorite
This tool allows you to edit the attributes of a feature or compatible unit (in Designer) and store it as a favorite to be easily recalled later. Favorites are found on the features tab (and CUs tab in Designer) and may be stored in user-created favorite categories.

FDRMGRNONTRACEABLE

FDRMGRNONTRACEABLE is both a class model name and a field model name.

Assign the class model name to any feature classes that should not be traced.

Assign the field model name to an attribute of a feature class where you want to be able to specify whether some features in that class are traced.

For a detailed explanation of FDRMGRNONTRACEABLE, view the help topics:

Appendix > Bitgate Fields > Electric Tracing - Edges

Appendix > Bitgate Fields > Electric Tracing - Junctions

Feature
A field within a table that contains the model name of a specific device, piece of equipment, or other feature, e.g., ServicePoint, TownBorderStation, ValveInspection, GasPipeCasing.

Feature Attribute Table
A table used to store attribute information for a specific coverage feature class. ArcInfo maintains the first several items of these tables.

Feature Class
1. The conceptual representation of a geographic feature. When referring to geographic features, feature classes include point, line, area, and annotation. In a geodatabase, an object class that stores features and has a field of type geometry. 2. A classification describing the format of geographic features and supporting data in a coverage. Coverage feature classes for representing geographic features include point, arc, node, route-system, route, section, polygon, and region. One or more coverage features are used to model geographic features; for example, arcs and nodes can be used to model linear features such as street centerlines. The tic, annotation, link, and boundary feature classes provide supporting data for coverage data management and viewing.

Feature Dataset
In geodatabases, a collection of feature classes that share the same spatial reference. Because the feature classes share the same spatial reference, they can participate in topological relationships with each other such as in a geometric network. Several feature classes with the same geometry may be stored in the same feature dataset. Object classes and relationship classes can also be stored in a feature dataset.

Feeder
A feeder is an electrically-connected grouping of thousands of devices and lengths of conductor

Feeder Manager
Feeder Manager allows users to easily manage complex feeder systems using ArcFM data. A user can generate a circuit map, locate all features or tie devices associated with a feeder, select features belonging to a particular feeder or group, and show feeder information graphically in a map display (loops, islands, and double feeds or extra feeds).

Field Model Name
Assigned to attribute fields to correspond with a name in UML model.

Filter
Session Manager and Workflow Manager use filters to help users easily locate a session, design, or work request. Access to various filters is granted by an Administrator using the Process Framework Administration Tool.

Finder Objects
This will allow you to define new criteria for locating a feature within the geodatabase. In ArcFM, finder objects may be found in the Locator Tool. Finder objects include ArcFM Display Field, Attribute Query, and XY Coordinates.

Foreign Key
One or more table attributes that can uniquely identify a record in another table. A foreign key is the primary key of another table. Foreign key-primary key relationships define a relational join.

Format
The pattern into which data are systematically arranged for use on a computer. A file format is the specific design of how information is organized in the file. For example, ArcInfo has specific, proprietary formats used to store coverages. DLG, DEM, and TIGER are geographic data sets with different file formats.

G

Geodatabase
An object-oriented geographic database that provides services for managing geographic data. These services include validation rules, relationships, and topological associations. A geodatabase contains feature datasets and is hosted inside of a relational database management system.

Geographic Data
The locations and descriptions of geographic features. The composite of spatial data and descriptive data.

Geometric Network
1. A one-dimensional nonplanar graph, or logical network, that is composed of features. These features are constrained to exist within the network and can therefore be considered network features. ArcInfo automatically maintains the explicit topological relationships between network features in a geometric network. 2. Represents a one-dimensional linear network, such as a utility network or a road network. Geometric networks contain feature classes that play a topological role in the network. These feature classes are homogeneous collections of one of these four network feature types: simple junction feature, complex junction feature, simple edge feature, and/or complex edge feature. More than one feature class can have the same type of network feature.

Geometry
Geometry deals with the measures and properties of points, lines, and surfaces. In ArcGIS, geometry is used to represent the spatial component of geographic features.

GIS
Geographic information system. An organized collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data, and personnel designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display all forms of geographically referenced information.

Global Positioning System (GPS)
A system of satellites and receiving devices used to compute positions on the Earth. GPS is used in navigation, and its precision supports cadastral surveying.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)
A graphical method of controlling how a user interacts with a computer to perform various tasks. Instead of issuing commands at a prompt, the user performs desired tasks by using a mouse to choose from 'a dashboard' of options presented on the display screen. These are in the form of pictorial buttons (icons) and lists. Some GUI tools are dynamic and the user must manipulate a graphical object on the screen to invoke a function; for example, moving a slider bar to set a parameter value (e.g., setting the scale of a map).

Group Layer
Several layers that appear and act like an individual layer in the Table of Contents in ArcMap.

I

Impedance
The amount of resistance (or cost) required to traverse a line from its origin node to its destination node or to make a turn (i.e., move from one arc through a node onto another arc). Resistance may be a measure of travel distance, time, speed of travel times the length, and so on. Higher impedance indicates more resistance to movement, with 0 indicating no cost. Often, a negative impedance value indicates a barrier. Impedance is used in network routing and allocation. An optimum path in a network is the path of least resistance (or lowest impedance).

In Construction
State for a work request during which construction is performed in the field. While a work request is In Construction, its approved design is updated with As-Built changes. After the As-Built changes, the design is verified, and the work request is completed.

In Design
State for a design and a work request. A design that is In Design is owned by a Designer who may edit it in ArcMap. A work request that is In Design has at least one design that is In Design or Pending Approval, but no designs that have been Approved.

Initiated
State of a work request in which it has been created, but no design has yet been associated with it.

Inset Frame
An inset frame is a map element which is placed in the Layout view and shows a user-specified feature in the Layout view. Each inset frame shows one feature.

K

Key Attributes
To join two objects together, each object must have a column containing the same values. For example, a country feature with a "Name" attribute can be joined to the appropriate record in a table of demographic data that has a "Country_Name" column.

L

Layer
A thematic set of spatial data described and stored in a database. Layers organize a database or map library by subject matter (e.g., soils, roads, and wells). Conceptually, layers in a database environment are exactly like coverages.

Layout View
Once you decide to create a final map, switch to the Layout view. Here, you may add other map elements, such as a north arrow, legend, scale, title, and other textual information (e.g., author, date of data, date of map, projection type, etc.).

Leader Lines
This symbology allows you to draw an arrow indicating to which conduit annotation refers.

Legend
1. The reference area on a map that lists and explains the colors, symbols, line patterns, shadings, and annotation used on the map. 2. The symbol key used to interpret a map.

Line
1. A set of ordered coordinates that represents the shape of geographic features too narrow to be displayed as an area at the given scale (e.g., contours, street centerlines, or streams), or linear features with no area (e.g., state and county boundary lines). 2. A single arc in a coverage. 3. A line on a map (e.g., a neatline).

Linear Feature
A geographic feature that can be represented by a line or set of lines. For example, rivers, roads within a pizza delivery area, and electric and telecommunication networks are all linear features. Linear features are represented in ArcInfo by arcs or by the route-system feature class.

Linked Map Insert
Using the Map Insets tool, a linked map insert shows an external file in the destination frame. The following file types may be inserted: .bmp, .emp, .dgn, .dxf, .dwg, .jpg, .gif, .png, .tif.

M

Many-to-One Relate
A relate in which many records in one table are related to a single record in another table.

Map
An abstract representation of the physical features of a portion of the Earth's surface graphically displayed on a planar surface. Maps display signs, symbols, and spatial relationships among the features. They typically emphasize, generalize, and omit certain features from the display to meet design objectives (e.g., railroad features might be included in a transportation map but omitted from a highway map).

Map Display
A graphic representation of the map on the computer screen.

Map Document
In ArcMap, the disk-based representation of a map. Map documents can be printed or embedded into other documents. Map documents have an .mxd file extension.

Map Element
A graphic component, such as a scale bar, North arrow, or title, that helps describe the geographic data on the map.

Map Grid
A map grid is a collection of map sheets that share the same Map Grid Name.

Map Inset
A map inset allows the user to designate a portion of the map as the source frame and show a zoomed version of the source in a destination frame in the Layout view. You may also designate an external file as the source. A map inset is an element which is placed in the Data view.

Map Production Primary Display Field
This is the primary display field of the layer selected in the Map Set Features field on the ArcFM Map Production window. The Map Production Primary Display Field is used with Custom Text Elements.

Map Scale
The reduction needed to display a representation of the Earth's surface on a map. A statement of a measure on the map and the equivalent measure on the Earth's surface, often expressed as a representative fraction of distance, such as 1:24,000 (one unit of distance on the map represents 24,000 of the same units of distance on the Earth). Map scale can also be expressed as a statement of equivalence using different units; for example, 1 inch = 1 mile or 1 inch = 2,000 feet.

Map Sheet
A map sheet is an individual polygon indicating a specific area of the map to be plotted using ArcFM Map Production.

Model
A representation of reality used to simulate a process, understand a situation, predict an outcome, or analyze a problem. A model is structured as a set of rules and procedures, including spatial modeling tools available in a geographic information system (GIS).

Model Name
Assigned to feature classes and fields to correspond with name in UML model.

N

Neatline
A border line commonly drawn around the extent of a map.

Network
1. An interconnected set of arcs representing possible paths for the movement of resources from one location to another. 2. A layer representing linear features containing arcs or a route-system. Also known as network layer. 3. When referring to computer hardware systems, a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN).

Network Trace
Navigates a network following connectivity defined by the geometric network. Specific kinds of network traces are: Trace upstream, Find connected, Find loops, Find common ancestors, Trace downstream.

Node
The beginning and ending locations of an arc. A node is topologically linked to all arcs that meet at the node.

Node Type
Indicates the format you are using in your process management module. Session Manager typically has only one node type called "session." Workflow Manager has two node types: "work request" and "design."

Non-GIS CU
Non-GIS CUs are not associated with a feature or object class and do not have spatial representation on the map (e.g., alley arm, anchor arm, cluster mount, pole assembly).

Non-Symbolized CU
A non-symbolized CU has no shape on the map, but is associated with an object class. e.g., transformer unit, conductor unit.

Null Value
The absence of a value. If a particular column of a row in a table is null, that means there is no value stored. Null is not the same as blank or zero.

O

Object Class
An object class is a table in the geodatabase that stores nonspatial data. Object class names appear in italic.

Object Class Model Name
Assigned to object classes and fields to correspond with a name in UML model.

One-to-Many
A relate in which one record in a table is related to many records in another table.

Oracle
A commercial RDBMS supported by ArcSDE.

P

Page Extent
Defines a rectangular portion of the graphics page to be displayed.

Page Template
In ArcMap, a type of map document that provides a quick way to create a new map. Templates can contain data, a custom interface, and a predefined layout that arranges map elements, such as North arrows, scale bars, and logos, on the virtual page. Map templates have an .mxt file extension.

Page Units
The units-for example, inches, centimeters, or points-in which features are displayed on the map.

Pan
To move the viewing window up, down, or sideways to display areas in a geographic data set which, at the current viewing scale, lie outside the viewing window.

Pending Approval
State that indicates a session or design has been submitted to an Approval Officer by a Designer or Editor. Only a user with an Approval Officer role may view Pending Approval sessions and designs.

Permissions
Assigned to users to allow them access to designs, work requests, and sessions in specific states and to allow them to perform various transitions.

Personal Geodatabase
A geodatabase, usually on the same network as the client application, (for example, ArcMap) that supports one editor at a time. Personal geodatabases are managed in a Microsoft Jet Engine database.

Point
1. A single x,y coordinate that represents a geographic feature too small to be displayed as a line or area; for example, the location of a mountain peak or a building location on a small-scale map. 2. A coverage feature class used to represent point features or to identify polygons. It is not possible to have point and polygon features in the same coverage. When representing point features, the x,y location of the label point describes the location of the feature. When identifying polygons, the label point can be located anywhere within the polygon. Attributes for points are stored in a table.

Polygon
A coverage feature class used to represent areas. A polygon is defined by the arcs that make up its boundary and a point inside its boundary for identification. Polygon attributes (PAT) describe the geographic feature they represent.

Preview
A live view of GIS data in ArcCatalog. You can pan and zoom the preview, query features, and create thumbnail images to store in metadata.

Primary Key
1. One or more attributes whose values uniquely identify a row in a database table. 2. Used to create a relationship class, the primary key resides in the origin object class. To join two object classes together, the primary key and foreign key must share the same values.

Process Flow
The path of a design, work request, or session from inception to completion.

Process Framework Admin Tool
Administrative tool used to manage users and roles for Session Manager and Workflow Manager.

Process Manager Framework
The platform on which Workflow Manager, Session Manager and the Process Framework Administration Tool are built.

Q

Query
A question or request used for selecting features. A query often appears in the form of a statement or logical expression. In ArcMap, a query contains a field, an operator, and a value.

R

Range Domains
A range domain is the span of numeric values between which an attribute value must fall.

Raster
A cellular data structure composed of rows and columns for storing images. Groups of cells with the same value represent features.

RDBMS
Relational database management system. A database management system with the ability to access data organized in tabular files that can be related to each other by a common field (item). An RDBMS has the capability to recombine the data items from different files, providing powerful tools for data usage.

Record
1. In an attribute table, a single 'row' of thematic descriptors. In SQL terms, a record is analogous to a tuple. 2. A logical unit of data in a file. For example, there is one record in the ARC file for each arc in a coverage.

Relate
An operation that establishes a temporary connection between corresponding records in two tables using an item common to both (i.e., relate key). Each record in one table is connected to those records in the other table that share the same value for the common item.

Relate Key
The common set of columns used to relate two attribute tables.

Relational Database
A method of structuring data as collections of tables that are logically associated to each other by shared attributes. Any data element can be found in a relation by knowing the name of the table, the attribute (column) name, and the value of the primary key.

Relationship Class
Objects in a real-world system often have particular associations with other objects in the database. These kinds of associations between objects in the geodatabase are called relationships. Relationships can exist between spatial objects (features in feature classes), between nonspatial objects (rows in a table), or between spatial and nonspatial objects. While spatial objects are stored in the geodatabase in feature classes, and nonspatial objects are stored in object classes, relationships are stored in relationship classes.

Resolution
1. Resolution is the accuracy at which a given map scale can depict the location and shape of geographic features. The larger the map scale, the higher the possible resolution. As map scale decreases, resolution diminishes and feature boundaries must be smoothed, simplified, or not shown at all. For example, small areas may have to be represented as points. 2. Distance between sample points in a lattice. 3. Size of the smallest feature that can be represented in a surface. 4. The number of points in x and y in a grid or lattice (e.g., the resolution of a U.S. Geological Survey one-degree DEM is 1201 x 1201 mesh points).

Role
Defines the capabilities a user is allowed within the process flow. For example, a user with the Approval Officer role, may view sessions and designs with a Pending Approval state and may transition them using the Approve and Reject transitions. Used interchangeably with User Role.

Rotation Algorithms
The style of rotation used to turn a point feature. Use ArcInfo's layer Properties dialog to determine a geographic or arithmetic algorithm. To access this dialog, right-click a layer, select Properties | Symbology tab | Advanced button.

Row
1. A record in an attribute table. The horizontal dimension of a table composed of a set of columns containing one data item each. 2. A horizontal group of cells in a grid, or pixels in an image.

S

Scale
The ratio or relationship between a distance or area on a map and the corresponding distance or area on the ground.

Scale Bar
A map element that shows the map scale graphically.

Scaled Map Inset
Using the Map Insets tool, a scaled map inset depicts the zoomed contents of the source frame within the destination frame.

Schema
1. The structure or design of a database or database object such as a table. 2. The definition of the database. The schema can either be modeled in UML using a CASE tool or defined directly within ArcCatalog using wizards.

Selected Set
A subset of the features in a layer or records in a table. ArcMap provides several ways to select features and records graphically or according to their attribute values.

Session
The node type used by Session Manager to track editing sessions.

Shapefile
A vector data storage format for storing the location, shape, and attributes of geographic features. A shapefile is stored in a set of related files and contains one feature class.

Simple Edge
In a geodatabases, a line feature that corresponds to a single network element in the logical network.

Sketch Point
Used with the Template Tool, a sketch point is a point on the map at which you click to indicate the position of a point feature.

Snapping
The process of moving a feature to coincide exactly with coordinates of another feature within a specified snapping distance, or tolerance.

Snapping Distance
The distance within which snapping occurs between points or lines.

Snapping Environment
Settings in the ArcMap Editor's Snapping Environment window and Editing Options dialog box that help you establish exact locations in relation to other features. You determine the snapping environment by setting a snapping tolerance, snapping properties, and a snapping priority.

Snapping Priority
During ArcMap editing, the order in which snapping will occur by layer. You can set the snapping priority by dragging the layer names in the Snapping Environment window to new locations.

Snapping Properties
In ArcMap editing, a combination of a method for what part of the shape you will snap to and a shape to which the feature will snap. You can set your snapping properties to have a feature snap to a vertex, edge, or endpoint of features in a specific layer. For example, a layer snapping property might let you snap to the vertices of buildings. A more generic, sketch-specific snapping property might let you snap to the vertices of a sketch you're creating.

Snapping Tolerance
During ArcMap editing, the distance within which the pointer or a feature will snap to another location. If the location being snapped to (vertex, boundary, midpoint, or connection) is within the distance you set, the pointer will automatically snap. For example, if you want to snap a power line to a utility pole and the snapping tolerance is set to 25 pixels, whenever the power line comes within a 25-pixel range of the pole it will automatically snap to it. Snapping tolerance can be measured using either map units or pixels.

Span
Spans are used with the Template tool in Designer. Spans, or constructed lines, indicate the location of a linear feature you are placing (for example, distribution main or primary overhead electric line segment). Spans are placed between sketch points.

Spatial Bookmark
In ArcMap, identifies a particular geographic location that you want to save and refer to later.

SQL
Structured Query Language. A syntax for defining and manipulating data from a relational database. Developed by IBM in the 1970s, it has become an industry standard for query languages in most relational database management systems.

State
Defines the stages where the session or design may be in your process flow (e.g., In Design, In Progress, and Pending Approval). Used interchangeably with Status.

Status
Defines the stages where the session or design may be in your process flow (e.g., In Design, In Progress, and Pending Approval). Used interchangeably with State.

Stored Display
This functionality allows you to save and recall various combinations of map layers and layer rendering properties.

Style
An organized collection of elements that you add to your map display or use to make your maps. Styles include elements such as symbols, scale bars, North arrows, and colors. You might create different styles that contain the specific elements for the specific types of maps you make.

Style Manager
The tool that you use to create new styles and edit existing ones.

Style sheet
In metadata documents, an XSL style sheet, which selects data from an XML file, applies functions and formatting to the data and then specifies how to present the data.

Subtypes
In geodatabases, although all objects in a feature class or object class must have the same behavior and attributes, not all objects have to share the same default values and validation rules. You can group features and objects into subtypes. Subtypes differentiate objects based on their rules.

Symbol
A graphic pattern used to represent a feature. For example, line symbols represent arc features; marker symbols, points; shades symbols, polygons; and text symbols, annotation. Many characteristics define symbols, including color, size, angle, and pattern.

Symbology
The criteria used to determine symbols for the features in a layer. A characteristic of a feature may influence the size, color, and shape of the symbol used.

System, (documents, page templates, stored displays, etc.)
ArcFM allows system and user versions of various layout and map production elements (documents, page templates, stored displays, favorites, etc). Those created by administrators for use by all users connected to the geodatabase are called System documents, stored displays, etc. They may be accessed by anyone connected to the geodatabase, but created and edited only by an administrator.

T

Table
A set of data elements that has a horizontal dimension (rows) and a vertical dimension (columns) in a relational database system. A table has a specified number of columns but can have any number of rows. A table is often called a relation. Rows stored in a table are structurally equivalent to records from flat files in that they must not contain repeating fields.

Table of Contents
In ArcMap, the table of contents lists all the data frames and layers on the map and shows what the features in each layer represent.

Target Layer
Used in ArcMap editing, a setting in the Target Layer dropdown list that determines to which layer new features will be added. The target layer is set by clicking a layer in the Target Layer dropdown list. For instance, if you set the target layer to Buildings, any features you create will be part of the Buildings layer. You must set the target layer whenever you're creating new features-whether you're creating them with the Sketch tool, by copying and pasting, or by buffering another feature.

Template
The Template tool helps users produce designs more efficiently. The user creates a template for frequently performed tasks, such as a service drop to a residence. The template would contain the same features in the same order, while the only modification would be their positioning in the network.

Text Symbol
A text style defined by font, size, character spacing, color, and so on, used to label maps and coverage features in ArcInfo.

Thumbnail
A snapshot describing the geographic data contained in a data source or layer, or a map layout. A thumbnail might provide an overview of all the features in a feature class or a detailed view of the features in, and the symbology of, a layer. Thumbnails are not updated automatically; they will go out of date if features are added to a data source or if the symbology of a layer changes.

Tie Device/Tie Point
Tie devices, or tie points, are defined as switchable devices that are set in an "open" state and energized from two directions at once. Feeder Manager allows you to select all tie devices and filter the selection down to those devices associated with a given feeder or group of feeders.

Toolbar
A set of commands that lets you carry out related tasks. The Main Menu toolbar has a set of menu commands; other toolbars typically have a set of buttons. Toolbars can float on the desktop in their own window, or you can dock them at the top, bottom, or sides of the main window.

Tracing
The process of determining which portions of a network connect.

U

UML
Unified Modeling Language. A standard for representing object designs.

Upstream
In tracing, upstream is the direction along the arcs that is against the direction of flow. Direction of flow is determined by a user-defined convention.

User (documents, page templates, stored displays, etc.)
ArcFM allows system and user versions of various layout and map production elements (documents, page templates, stored displays, favorites, etc). Those created by individuals (not administrators) are called User documents, stored displays, etc. They may be created, edited, and utilized only by the individual who created them.

User Role
Defines the capabilities a user is allowed within the process flow. For example, a user with the Approval Officer role, may view sessions and designs with a Pending Approval state and may transition them using the Approve and Reject transitions. Used interchangeably with Role.

V

Verified
The state that indicates a design has traveled through the entire design process flow. Only users with the Administrator role may view Verified designs.

Version
In geodatabases, an alternative representation of the database that has an owner, a description, a permission (private, protected, or public), and a parent version. Versions are not affected by changes occurring in other versions of the database.

Vertex
One of a set of ordered x,y coordinates that constitutes a line.

W

Weight
A property of a network feature typically used to represent a cost for traversing across an edge or through a junction. For example, in a water network, a certain amount of pressure is lost when traveling the length of a transmission main due to surface friction within the pipe. Weights are calculated based on some attribute of each feature. In this same transmission main example, an attribute that affects the weight would be the length of the feature.

Wizard
A tool that leads a user step by step through an unusually long, difficult, or complex task.

WMS
Work Management System - used to track costs and inventory associated with work requests.

Work Function
A CU's work function is indicated by a letter in front of the child-level of the CU. For Example, an R in front of a CU indicates it is to be Removed. The letter I indicates the feature is to be Installed.

Work Location
Physical area where a work request is located. Designer allows you to place polygonal features on the map to represent work locations. The feature is found on the CUs tab in the Designer Objects directory.

Work Location (WL)
A Work Location (WL) represents the site area within a design where work is done and/or where equipment is located.

Work Management System
System used to track costs and inventory associated with work requests

Work Request
A request for construction to be performed. A work request includes work location information as well as customer information.

Workspace
A container for file-based geographic data. This can be a folder that contains shapefiles; an ArcInfo workspace that contains coverages; a personal geodatabase; or an ArcSDE database connection.

WR
Work Request. A request for construction to be performed. A work request includes work location information as well as customer information.

X

XML
Extensible markup language. A markup language similar to HTML. With XML you define data using tags that add meaning. For example, declares the text "California geology" to be a title, perhaps for a map. An XML file does not contain information about how to present the data. XML is well formed if an opening tag, such as "", appear before and after each piece of data.

Z

Zoom
To enlarge and display greater detail of a portion of a geographic data set.